Rep. Nellie Pou (D-North
Haledon)’s America Israel Public Affairs Committee
(AIPAC)-affiliated trip to
Israel last month was
always going to cause some controversy – and it did.
The trip, which fellow New
Jersey Rep. Herb Conaway (D-Delran) also joined, came under fire
from Pou’s foes on both the left and the right, who claimed the
congresswoman was standing with
Israel instead of her
own constituents. And it laid bare the extent to which the war in
Gaza continues to divide residents of Pou’s 9th congressional
district, which unexpectedly voted for Donald
Trump last year and
which is home to one of the country’s largest Palestinian American
communities.
Speaking with the New Jersey
Globe late last week, Pou said she remains committed to a ceasefire
and a peaceful two-state solution between Palestine and Israel, and
she believed August’s trip to be a part of that mission, regardless
of what her critics have to say. “We as leaders have to make
informed decisions,” she said. “We have to learn, we have to
educate ourselves, we have to see all sides of a particular
issue.”
The trip included stops in
Jerusalem, the Palestinian capital of Ramallah, and areas near
Gaza, including the music festival site where Hamas attacked on
October 7, 2023. Pou said she met with Palestinian leaders –
contrary to claims that she only heard the Israeli side of the
debate – as well as with humanitarian aid organizations and with
Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, whom she and her fellow
Democrats confronted directly.
“We looked him right in his face
and said what he is doing is absolutely wrong with respect to
humanitarian aid, the war on Gaza – making sure that he understands
the importance of approving and agreeing to a two-state solution,
which is exactly what we’ve been talking about all along,” the
congresswoman said. “We said that to him directly.”
But while Pou said Israel has
committed “questionable actions” when it comes to the war in Gaza
and the humanitarian crisis that has emerged as a result, she did
not label those actions as war crimes or genocide, two terms that
some Democrats have become increasingly comfortable associating
with Israel. (Rep. Bonnie Watson Coleman, perhaps the most
progressive member of New Jersey’s delegation, called the crisis in
Gaza “genocide” and
“ethnic cleansing” in
March.)
And asked whether she would join
some of her fellow House Democrats in rejecting campaign
contributions from AIPAC
in the future, Pou declined: “I look forward to people providing me
with whatever support they feel that they’re able to do, and I will
consider that each and every time, whether it’s on one side or the
other.”
(Notably, while AIPAC has
already
endorsed five Democrats
and three Republicans for re-election next year, Pou is not among
them; neither is Conaway, the other New Jersey representative who
went on last month’s trip. Pou received AIPAC’s endorsement during her first
congressional campaign last year.)
Debates over Israel and
Palestine have divided Democrats for years, and polls show that
rank-and-file Democrats have become increasingly pro-Palestine
since the current war began. But they’re especially resonant in the
9th district, home to Paterson and Clifton, which together comprise
a neighborhood known as “Little Palestine” for its large
Palestinian diaspora community. For Pou to take an AIPAC-funded
trip to Israel, many of New Jersey’s Arab American leaders say,
undermines those communities.
“There are so many constituents
within her district that have family and friends in Gaza, and
they’re continuing to face a genocide and starvation driven by the
Israeli aid blockade,” said Maheen Mumtaz, a government affairs
associate at the Council on American Islamic Relations-New Jersey
(CAIR-NJ), a top Arab American advocacy group that has clashed with
Pou in the past. “Her taking this trip was really a betrayal for
many of her constituents.”
Mumtaz also took issue with
Pou’s decision not to use the term “genocide”: “It’s very clear
that what is happening there is a genocide, and the fact that
Congresswoman Pou isn’t able to directly say it is disappointing,”
she said.
Pou’s 9th district constituents,
however, are far from a monolith. According to the Arab American
Institute, around 18,000 Arab
Americans live in the
district (out of nearly 800,000 residents total); the diverse
district is also home to large Hispanic, Black, Jewish, Polish
American, and Italian American communities, among
others.
Assemblyman Gary Schaer
(D-Passaic), a member of Passaic City’s Orthodox Jewish community
and the driving force behind a high-profile antisemitism
definition bill in the
state legislature, said that Pou’s trip to Israel should be seen as
a sign of her interest in learning more about the conflict and how
the United States should respond.
“Her constituency now includes
significant members of the Jewish community,” Schaer said. “I think
that the congresswoman is making some tremendous attempts to
understand the Middle East situation better… I give her tremendous
credit for wanting to see up front and personally what she
could.”
Back in 2012, when the modern
incarnation of the 9th congressional district was first drawn,
Israel became an important campaign issue between Reps. Bill
Pascrell (D-Paterson) and Steve Rothman (D-Englewood), two
long-serving congressmen thrown into the same district. Rothman was
seen by Paterson’s Arab American community as unacceptably
pro-Israel, and the
community instead rallied behind Pascrell, who won
resoundingly.
But after Hamas’s October 7th
attack in 2023, the relationship between Pascrell and Little
Palestine curdled. Local Palestinian American leaders hounded
Pascrell to call for a ceasefire, and Prospect Park Mayor Mohamed
Khairullah ran against him in the 2024 Democratic primary on a
Gaza-focused platform. Pascrell won
handily, but lost in the
9th district’s heavily Arab areas.
Even once Pascrell died last
August, the issue did not fade away. Paterson Mayor André Sayegh,
New Jersey’s most prominent Arab American politician, briefly ran
for the seat in the hurried process to replace Pascrell, but was
not selected; some Arab American leaders then unexpectedly turned
to Billy Prempeh, the district’s Republican nominee, whose
Israel-skeptic stances earned him the support of
CAIR-NJ.
Democratic leaders in the
district were also heavily concerned about retaining support from
the district’s Jewish residents, including in the Orthodox Jewish
enclaves of Passaic and Clifton, and from pro-Israel outside
groups. Their worries were enough to essentially nix
Sayegh and another
pro-Palestine candidate, Assemblywoman Shavonda Sumter (D-North
Haledon), from consideration when the convention to replace
Pascrell was held.
There’s evidence that, despite
all that, Pou did substantially better than the top of the ticket
at winning Arab American votes. In three of the South Paterson
election districts with the largest Palestinian populations, Pou
won by a 52%-33% margin while Kamala Harris won just 42%-41%; a
significant chunk of the vote went to Green Party candidates in
both races.
Gaza, however, continues to loom
over Pou’s 2026 re-election campaign. Sayegh is
mulling a potential
primary challenge against Pou and Prempeh is running once again as
a Republican, and both have already begun using Israel as a wedge
issue against the congresswoman. (Pou’s other declared Republican
challenger, Clifton Councilwoman Rosie Pino, does not seem to have
mentioned Israel or Palestine once during her campaign.)
Pou’s trip to Israel also
happened to coincide with another crisis facing the 9th district:
a water main
break in Paterson that
left hundreds of thousands with water troubles for weeks. The fact
that Pou was in another country at the time prompted both Sayegh
and Prempeh to claim that she was more interested in Israel’s
problems than her own district’s.
Pou, for her part, called any
attempts to criticize her handling of the water crisis “nonsense.”
She said that she and her office had been in constant contact with
federal, state, and local partners to bring water back to her
constituents, and she’s now shepherding a bill through Congress to
commission a Government Accountability Office study on how to
prevent future water infrastructure failures.
The water main break has since
been largely fixed, and like many things in politics, it’s possible
the memory of it will fade in short order. But the war in Gaza
remains as devastating and as complex as ever, with no obvious
respite on the horizon.
Schaer said that he still has
confidence in the Democratic Party to be the big-tent party that
it’s long been. “Democrats have always embraced the big umbrella
theory,” he said. “There’s enough room under this umbrella to
represent us all, to allow all of us to come together to discuss,
to debate, to differ.”
But CAIR-NJ and Pou’s other
critics, many of whom have political motivations of their own, are
unlikely to be satisfied with that. Until Pou severs her ties with
AIPAC, Mumtaz said, “she loses our voting bloc.”
Pou, caught in the middle of
such a fraught debate and fighting to win a tough re-election race,
said that she’ll try to continue doing what all politicians
hopefully aim to do: represent everyone in their constituency
fairly.
“My constituents consist of both
Palestinians as well as the Jewish community,” she said. “I
understand that, and I will be representing them… My record will
show that I’m not always voting in favor of one side and against
the other. So that’s what I will be guided by.”
The post Nellie Pou’s tricky balance on Israel and
Palestine appeared first on New Jersey
Globe.